Aces and Escapees of the European Theater, 1939–1945 - 160 Biographical Entries | Searchable PDF

Discover the Lives of Allied Airmen, POW Leaders, and Evasion Pioneers

Published by Fairbairn's Crest, Aces and Escapees of the European Theater: A Biographical Dictionary of Allied POW Camp Leaders and Evasion Pioneers (1939–1945) brings together 160 biographical entries documenting the airmen, commando raiders, intelligence officers, and civilian resistance helpers who fought in the skies over Europe and defied Nazi captivity from behind barbed wire. Rather than offering a broad operational history of the air war, this biographical compilation focuses on individual human lives—tracing how young pilots, navigators, engineers, and ordinary European citizens navigated aerial combat, bailouts over occupied territory, subterranean tunneling, and perilous journeys along clandestine escape lines.

Personal Histories of Aerial Combat, Ingenuity, and Survival

Each concise biographical profile explores the personal background, wartime service, and post-capture experiences of men and women whose courage shaped the Allied war effort. Readers can explore the lives of Battle of Britain Spitfire and Hurricane aces, Eighth Air Force bomber commanders, Tuskegee Airmen, Polish and Czechoslovak exiled squadrons, and the burns patients rebuilt by pioneering plastic surgeon Sir Archibald McIndoe in the RAF "Guinea Pig Club."

Inside the wire of high-security prison camps like Stalag Luft III (Sagan) and Oflag IV-C (Colditz Castle), these accounts highlight the extraordinary resourcefulness of the "X-Organization" and Escape Committees—from master forgers, tailors, and compass-makers to the tunnelers of "Tom," "Dick," and "Harry," the builders of the "Wooden Horse" vaulting horse, and the creators of the hidden "Colditz Cock" rooftop glider. The collection also honors the fifty Allied officers murdered by the Gestapo after the March 1944 Great Escape, alongside the brave women and men of the Comet, Pat O'Leary, and Shelburn escape lines who risked deportation to guide downed flyers safely across the Pyrenees.

Historical and Geographical Scope

Spanning the years 1939 to 1945, these biographies cover aerial operations and evasion networks across Great Britain, Germany, Poland, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Norway, Czechoslovakia, Switzerland, Spain, Gibraltar, and the Mediterranean. Featured accounts connect air combat in RAF Fighter and Bomber Commands and the USAAF Eighth and Fifteenth Air Forces with clandestine intelligence agencies including British MI9 and American MIS-X.

What the Biographies Reveal

• Identity and Vital Dates: Full names, wartime nicknames, birth and death years, and nationalities (including British, American, Canadian, Polish, Australian, New Zealand, South African, Norwegian, Dutch, Belgian, French, Czechoslovak, Lithuanian, Greek, Danish, Finnish, and German subjects).
• Service and Operational Roles: Military branch, rank, fighter or bomber squadron and group assignments, confirmed aerial victories where applicable, POW camp locations, and escape committee roles.
• Captivity, Tunnels, and Evasion Routes: Circumstances of shoot-down or capture, interrogation experiences at Dulag Luft, participation in specific tunnel breakouts or disguise escapes, and routes taken with underground evasion networks.
• Fates and Decorations: Wartime survival, execution or death in action, post-war lives, and official honors (including the Victoria Cross, Medal of Honor, George Cross, Distinguished Service Order, Distinguished Flying Cross, Silver Star, and Légion d'honneur). Detail varies across entries according to surviving archival records.
• Archival Source Citations: Every entry concludes with short reference tags linking directly to a master bibliography of official state archive series and military histories.

What Is Included in This Compilation

• 160 Alphabetical Biographical Entries: Structured profiles arranged from A to Z with standardized metadata headers.
• Historical Introduction and Abbreviations Guide: Front matter explaining the structure of MI9, MIS-X, the Luftwaffe Dulag and Stalag camp system, and military aviation abbreviations.
• Three Cross-Referenced Back-of-Book Indexes: Supporting navigation tools including an Index of German POW Camps and Interrogation Centers, an Index of Escape Committees, Tunnels, and Evasion Lines, and an Index of Fighter and Bomber Squadrons, Groups, and Wings.
• Master Archival Bibliography: Full reference key to the cited record groups in the UK National Archives (WO 208, WO 344, WO 311, AIR 27, AIR 40, AIR 50), U.S. National Archives (NARA RG 165, RG 389, RG 18), and Library and Archives Canada (RG 24).

How to Use This Searchable PDF

This edition is delivered as a fully searchable PDF. Readers, aviation enthusiasts, and family historians can browse alphabetically by surname, consult the three back-of-book indexes to locate everyone associated with a specific POW camp, tunnel, or squadron, or press Ctrl+F (Windows) or Cmd+F (Mac) to search instantly for names, aircraft types, camp designations, or towns. The archival reference tags beneath each profile offer direct starting points for ordering primary evasion reports or combat files from national archives.

What You Are Purchasing

You are purchasing the compiled digital edition Aces and Escapees of the European Theater (1939–1945) in searchable PDF format, published by Fairbairn's Crest. Original source books and raw archival files are not included. Digital download only. No physical book will be shipped.

Research Note: Because wartime evasion reports and prisoner questionnaires were recorded under intense operational secrecy, family historians and academic researchers are encouraged to verify genealogical details against original primary service records in the cited national repositories.

People Featured in This Biographical Collection

Terence "Terry" Airey (1900–1983, Lieutenant General British Army, MI9 Planner), John "Johnny" Alison (1912–2011, Major General USAAF, Fighter Ace), Clarence Emil "Bud" Anderson (1922–2024, Colonel USAAF, 357th Fighter Group Triple Ace), Keith "Grid" Arnold (1916–1945, Flight Lieutenant RAAF, Stalag Luft III Escapee), Henry "Hank" Birkhead (1919–1998, Captain USAAF, Stalag Luft III Tunnel Escapee), Sir Douglas Robert Steuart Bader (1910–1982, Group Captain RAF, Fighter Ace and Colditz POW), James "Crow" Baird (1915–1944, Flight Lieutenant RCAF, Stalag Luft III Escapee), Johnnie Baker (1916–1995, Wing Commander RAF, Evasion Pioneer), Gerhard Barkhorn (1919–1983, Major Luftwaffe, Jagdgeschwader 52 Ace),umphrey "Humph" Batten (1917–1992, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Stalag Luft III Forger), Donald Clifford Tyndall Bennett (1910–1986, Air Vice-Marshal RAF, Pathfinder Force Commander and Evasion Pioneer), Per Bergsland (1918–1992, Flight Lieutenant Royal Norwegian Air Force, Stalag Luft III "Home Run" Escapee), John "Jack" Best (1913–2000, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Colditz Glider Co-Creator), Richard Anthony "Tony" Bethell (1922–2004, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Stalag Luft III Escapee), George Frederick "Screwball" Beurling (1921–1948, Flight Lieutenant RCAF, Defender of Malta Ace), Leonard Joseph "Birch" Birchall (1915–2004, Air Commodore RCAF, "Saviour of Ceylon" and POW Leader), Howard "Ward" Blakeslee (1918–1995, Major USAAF, 4th Fighter Group Ace), Donald "Don" Blakeslee (1917–2008, Colonel USAAF, 4th Fighter Group Commander), Baron Jean de Blommaert (1915–1983, Captain Belgian Army, MI9 Marathon Line Organiser), Gregory "Pappy" Boyington (1912–1988, Colonel USMC, Medal of Honor Ace and POW), Walter "Wally" Floody (1918–1989, Flight Lieutenant RCAF, Stalag Luft III Chief Tunnel Engineer), Beryl "B" Bramwell (1916–1996, Squadron Leader RNZAF, Stalag Luft III Escapee), Gordon Thomas Brettell (1915–1944, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Stalag Luft III Master Forger and Great Escape Martyr), Paul Brickhill (1916–1991, Flight Lieutenant RAAF, Stalag Luft III Security Stooge and Historian), Éliane Sophie Brousse (1921–2016, French Resistance Courier, Pyrenees Escape Line Guide), Charles "Charlie" Brown (1922–2008, First Lieutenant USAAF, 379th Bomb Group B-17 Pilot), John "Cat's Eyes" Cunningham (1917–2002, Group Captain RAF, Night-Fighter Ace), Roger Joyce Bushell (1910–1944, Squadron Leader RAF, Stalag Luft III "Big X" Commander and Great Escape Martyr), Michael "Mike" Casey (1918–1944, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Great Escape Martyr), Sydney "Syd" Cattrall (1919–1994, Warrant Officer RAF, Stalag VIII-B Escapee),Leonard "Len" Cheshire (1917–1992, Group Captain RAF, Victoria Cross Bomber Leader), John "Jack" Churchill (1906–1996, Lieutenant Colonel British Army, "Mad Jack" Commando and Sachsenhausen Escapee), Albert "Al" Clark (1913–2010, Lieutenant General USAAF, Stalag Luft III American "Big X"), Gale Winston "Buck" Cleven (1918–2006, Colonel USAAF, 100th Bomb Group Commander and Stalag Luft III Escapee), Dennisenga "Denny" Cochran (1921–1944, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Great Escape Martyr), Michael "Mike" Codner (1920–1952, Lieutenant Royal Artillery, Stalag Luft III "Wooden Horse" Co-Creator), Robert "Bob" Considine (1916–1989, Captain USAAF, MIS-X Operative), Ian Cross (1918–1944, Squadron Leader RAF, Great Escape Martyr), Norman Crockatt (1894–1956, Brigadier British Army, Head of MI9), Denis Crowley-Milling (1919–1996, Air Marshal RAF, Douglas Bader's Wingman and Evader), Roald Dahl (1916–1990, Wing Commander RAF, Fighter Pilot and Intelligence Officer), Andrée "Dédée" De Jongh (1916–2007, Countess and George Medal Recipient, Founder of the Comet Escape Line), Alpheus "Al" Delmez (1917–1991, Captain USAAF, Stalag Luft I Escape Committee), Michel "Mike" Donnet (1917–2013, Lieutenant General RAF/Belgian Air Force, Escaped Occupied Belgium in a Stolen Stampe Biplane), Jimmy Doolittle (1896–1993, General USAAF, Medal of Honor Raider and Eighth Air Force Commander), Neville Frederick Duke (1922–2007, Squadron Leader RAF, Top Allied Mediterranean Fighter Ace), Billy Drake (1917–2011, Group Captain RAF, Top Commonwealth Kittyhawk Ace), Sir Basil Edward Embry (1902–1977, Air Chief Marshal RAF, Wing Commander Who Escaped Captivity Twice in 1940), Roy "Pappy" Evans (1915–1993, Master Sergeant USAAF, Stalag XVII-B Escape Leader), Charles "Chuck" Ferguson (1919–1997, Captain USAAF, Evasion Pioneer), Paddy Finucane (1920–1942, Wing Commander RAF, Youngest RAF Wing Commander Ace), Adolf "Dolfo" Galland (1912–1996, Generalleutnant Luftwaffe, General of the Fighters), Francis "Gabby" Gabreski (1919–2002, Colonel USAAF, Top USAAF Ace in Europe and Stalag Luft I POW), Ian Patrick Garrow (1908–1976, Captain Seaforth Highlanders, Founder of the Marseille Escape Line), Guy Penrose Gibson (1918–1944, Wing Commander RAF, Victoria Cross Dambusters Leader), William "Bill" Goldfinch (1916–2007, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Colditz Glider Co-Designer), John "Bucky" Egan (1915–1961, Major USAAF, 100th Bomb Group Operations Officer and Stalag Luft III POW), Norman Forbes (1915–1992, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Stalag Luft III Tunnel Engineer), Anthony "Bill" Fowler (1917–2002, Lieutenant Royal Navy, Escaped Colditz Castle Disguised as a German Officer), William "Bill" Foxley (1923–2010, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Prominent Guinea Pig Club Member), Josef František (1914–1940, Sergeant RAF/Czech Air Force, Top Non-British Battle of Britain Ace), Hermann Glemnitz (1900–1982, Oberfeldwebel Luftwaffe, Chief Anti-Escape Ferret at Stalag Luft III), Randy Goodman (1918–1994, First Lieutenant USAAF, Comet Line Evader), Robert "Bob" Grimes (1917–1990, Major USAAF, Stalag Luft III American Security Chief), Duncan Grinnell-Milne (1896–1973, Wing Commander RAF, WWI Escaper and WWII Liaison Officer), Charles "Chaz" Gunn (1919–1999, Captain USAAF, Stalag Luft III POW), James A. Gunn III (1912–1945, Lieutenant Colonel USAAF, 454th Bomb Group Commander Who Flew a Captured Plane to Bucharest to Rescue 1,100 POWs), Charles Blakeslee Hall (1920–1971, Major USAAF, First Tuskegee Airman to Down an Axis Aircraft), "Wally" Hall (1916–1944, Flight Lieutenant RAAF, Great Escape Martyr), Roger "Jumbo" Hallowes (1915–1988, Flight Lieutenant RAF, MI9 Evasion Instructor), Douglas "Duggy" Hamilton (1918–1995, Squadron Leader RAF, Oflag VI-B Tunnel Escapee), Erich Hartmann (1922–1993, Major Luftwaffe, Highest-Scoring Fighter Ace in History), George "Grim" Harsh (1908–1980, Flight Lieutenant RCAF, Stalag Luft III Tunnel Security Chief), Lanoe George Hawker (1914–1990, Squadron Leader RAF, Evasion Pioneer), John "Willy" Williams (1919–1944, Squadron Leader RAAF, Great Escape Martyr), Harry Humphries (1916–1998, Warrant Officer RAF, Stalag VIII-B Escapee), Alec Ingle (1919–1944, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Fighter Ace and Oflag XX-B Escapee), Bertram "Jimmy" James (1915–2008, Squadron Leader RAF, Survived Sachsenhausen and Twelve Escape Attempts), Gerald Richard Johnson (1920–1945, Lieutenant Colonel USAAF,Fighter Ace), James Edgar "Johnnie" Johnson (1915–2001, Air Vice-Marshal RAF, Top Western Allied Fighter Ace Against the Luftwaffe), Robert Samuel "Bob" Johnson (1920–1998, Lieutenant Colonel USAAF, 56th Fighter Group Thunderbolt Ace), Ilmari "Illu" Juutilainen (1914–1999, Warrant Officer Finnish Air Force, Top Non-German Fighter Ace), Jan Karski (born Jan Kozielewski, 1914–2000, Lieutenant Polish Underground, Escaped Gestapo Custody to Report the Holocaust to the Allies), John Alexander "Johnny" Kent (1914–1985, Group Captain RAF, Canadian Flight Commander in No. 303 Polish Squadron), Gordon Arthur Kidder (1914–1944, Flight Lieutenant RCAF, Great Escape Martyr), Thomas Gresham "Tommy" Kirby-Green (1918–1944, Squadron Leader RAF, Great Escape Security Officer and Martyr), Stanisław "Danny" Król (1916–1944, Flight Lieutenant Polish Air Force/RAF, Great Escape Martyr), Bolesław Krawczyk (1917–2005, Warrant Officer Polish Air Force, Escape Pioneer), Kal Kurtenbach (1918–1999, Technical Sergeant USAAF, Stalag XVII-B Camp Leader), Zbigniew Kustrzyński (1916–1997, Flight Lieutenant Polish Air Force, Escaped to Russian Lines with Bob Stanford Tuck), James Harry "Ginger" Lacey (1917–1989, Squadron Leader RAF, Top RAF Battle of Britain Hurricane Ace), James Maydon "Jimmy" Langley (1916–1983, Lieutenant Colonel Coldstream Guards, One-Armed Dunkirk Escapee and MI9 Head of Escape Lines), Brian "Sandy" Lane (1917–1942, Wing Commander RAF, No. 19 Spitfire Squadron Leader), Johannes Jacobus "Chris" Le Roux (1920–1944, Squadron Leader RAF, South African Ace Who Strafed Rommel's Staff Car), Ronald "Ronnie" Littledale (1902–1944, Major King's Royal Rifle Corps, Colditz Castle "Home Run" Escapee Killed in Normandy), Eric Stuart "Sawn-Off" Lock (1919–1941, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Battle of Britain Spitfire Ace), Anthony "Tony" Luteyn (1917–2000, Lieutenant Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, Escaped Colditz Castle with Airey Neave), Charles H. MacDonald (1914–2002, Colonel USAAF, P-38 Lightning Ace), Adolph "Sailor" Malan (1910–1963, Group Captain RAF, South African Fighter Legend and Author of Ten Rules for Air Fighting), Romualdas "Rom" Marcinkus (1907–1944, Flight Lieutenant Lithuanian/Free French/RAF, Great Escape Intelligence Analyst and Martyr), Georges and Elsie Maréchal (1892–1943 and 1894–1969, Belgian Comet Line Safe-House Operators), John "Johnny" Marshall (1916–1992, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Evasion Pioneer), Herbert Martin "Wings" Massey (1898–1976, Group Captain RAF, Senior British Officer at Stalag Luft III and Real-Life Inspiration for "Thekommandant/Ramsey"), Sir Archibald Hector McIndoe (1900–1960, Civilian Consultant Plastic Surgeon to the RAF, Founder of the Guinea Pig Club at East Grinstead), John C. Meyer (1919–1975, General USAAF, Top 352nd Fighter Group "Bluenosed Bastards of Bodney" Mustang Ace), William "Bill" Milne (1917–1995, Flight Lieutenant RCAF, Stalag Luft III Tunnel Surveyor), Ewen Edward Samuel Montagu (1901–1985, Lieutenant Commander RNVR, Naval Intelligence Architect of Operation Mincemeat), Jens Einar Müller (1917–1999, Second Lieutenant Royal Norwegian Air Force, One of Only Three Successful "Home Run" Escapers in the Great Escape), Airey Middleton Sheffield Neave (1916–1979, Lieutenant Colonel Royal Artillery, First British Officer to Make a "Home Run" from Colditz and Head of MI9 Room 900), David Niven (1910–1983, Lieutenant Colonel British Army, Phantom Liaison Officer), Louis Nouveau (1895–1966, French Broker, Key Financier of the Pat O'Leary Line and Buchenwald Survivor), Keith "Skeets" Ogilvie (1916–1996, Squadron Leader RCAF, Last Man Out of Tunnel "Harry" in the Great Escape), Albert Marie Edmond Guérisse (alias "Pat O'Leary", 1911–1989, Major general Belgian Army/Royal Navy, George Cross Recipient and Head of the Pat O'Leary Escape Line), Robin Olds (1922–2007, Brigadier General USAAF, 479th Fighter Group P-38 and P-51 Triple Ace), Newell "Fanny" Orton (1915–1941, Flight Lieutenant RAF, No. 73 Squadron Hurricane Ace in the Battle of France), Geoffrey Hilda Page (1920–2000, Wing Commander RAF, Founding Member of the Guinea Pig Club Who Returned to Shoot Down Fifteen Enemy Aircraft), Marmaduke Thomas St. John "Pat" Pattle (1914–1941, Squadron Leader RAF, Highest-Scoring Commonwealth Fighter Ace of WWII), Oliver Laurence Philpot (1913–1993, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Escaped Stalag Luft III via the "Wooden Horse" Tunnel), Adolf Pietrasiak (1916–1943, Warrant Officer Polish Air Force/RAF, Spitfire Ace), George Earl Preddy Jr. (1919–1944, Major USAAF, Top P-51 Mustang Ace in History), Jack Pryce (1918–1994, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Stalag Luft III Forger), Patrick Robert "Pat" Reid (1910–1990, Major RASC, Colditz Escape Officer and Author of The Colditz Story after His 1942 "Home Run"), Dr. Georges Rodocanachi (1875–1944, Physician and Co-Founder of the Marseille Escape Line Who Died in Buchenwald), Robert "Rosie" Rosenthal (1917–2007, Lieutenant Colonel USAAF, 100th Bomb Group Legend Who Flew 52 Missions and Survived Two Shoot-Downs), Richard "Dick" Ryan (1916–1991, Captain USAAF, Stalag Luft III Escapee), Hanns-Joachim Gottlob Scharff (1907–1992, Obergefreiter Luftwaffe, Master Interrogator at Dulag Luft Who Never Used Physical Coercion), BernardW "Bernie" Scheidhauer (1921–1944, Sous-Lieutenant Free French/RAF, Great Escape Martyr Murdered Alongside Roger Bushell), David Carl Schilling (1918–1956, Colonel USAAF, 56th Fighter Group Commander and Thunderbolt Ace), Lloyd "Shoe" Shoemaker (1913–1997, Major US Army, Co-Founder of American Clandestine Escape Agency MIS-X at Fort Hunt), Stanisław Jakub Skalski (1915–2004, Brigadier General Polish Air Force/RAF, Top Polish Fighter Ace of WWII and Commander of "Skalski's Circus"), Sotiris Skanzikas (1921–1944, Pilot Officer Royal Hellenic Air Force/RAF, Only Greek Officer in the Great Escape and Gestapo Martyr), Aage Stage (1916–1996, Danish Resistance Liaison for Swedish Baltic Escape Boats), Robert Roland Stanford Tuck (1916–1987, Wing Commander RAF, Battle of Britain Legend Who Escaped Stalag Luft III to Fight with the Red Army), William "Bill" Stephens (1914–1997, Lieutenant Commander RNVR, St. Nazaire Raider Who Escaped Colditz Castle in 1942), Richard Playne "Dick" Stevens (1909–1941, Wing Commander RAF, Top Single-Engine Night-Fighter Hurricane Ace), Rupert "Steve" Stevens (1919–1944, Second Lieutenant SAAF, South African Great Escape Martyr), Bram van der Stok (1915–1993, Squadron Leader RAF/Royal Netherlands Air Force, Fighter Ace and One of Only Three Men to Achieve a "Home Run" in the Great Escape), Cyril "Tommy" Thompson (1918–1995, Flight Lieutenant RCAF, Stalag Luft III Tunneler), Paweł Tobolski (1906–1944, Flight Lieutenant Polish Air Force/RAF, Great Escape Martyr), Peter Wooldridge Townsend (1914–1995, Group Captain RAF, Downed the First German Bomber on British Soil in WWII and Led No. 85 Squadron), Leonard Henry Trent (1915–1986, Group Captain RNZAF, Awarded the Victoria Cross for the Ramrod 16 Daylight Raid and Shifted Out of Tunnel "Harry" as Man No. 79), Peter "Pete" Tunstall (1918–2013, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Hold-Record "Cooler King" Who Spent 415 Days in Solitary Confinement at Colditz and Spangenberg), Charles Hazlitt Upham (1908–1994, Captain 2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force, Only Combat Soldier to Win the Victoria Cross Twice and Colditz Castle Prisoner), Witold Aleksander Urbanowicz (1908–1996, Brigadier General Polish Air Force, Commander of No. 303 Squadron in the Battle of Britain and Flying Tiger Ace), Arnošt Valenta (1912–1944, Squadron Leader Czechoslovak Air Force/RAF, Head of Intelligence for the Great Escape and Gestapo Martyr), DamiaenJoan van Doorninck (1902–1987, Lieutenant Royal Netherlands Navy, Escaped Colditz Castle in 1942 via the Gepäckhalle), Gilbert William "Tim" Walenn (1916–1944, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Head of the "Dean & Dawson" Forgery Department at Stalag Luft III and Great Escape Martyr), Henry "Hank" Wardle (1914–2000, Lieutenant Commander RCNVR, Only Canadian Officer to Escape Successfully from Colditz Castle), James "Jim" Wernham (1918–1944, Flight Lieutenant RCAF, Great Escape Tunneler and Martyr), Eric Ernest Williams (1911–1983, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Architect of the Stalag Luft III "Wooden Horse" Escape and Author of The Wooden Horse), Edward "Timber" Woods (1914–1942, Flight Lieutenant RAF, Battle of Britain and Malta Spitfire Ace), Victor Worsfold (1917–1998, Warrant Officer RAF, Stalag VIII-B Tunneler), Charles Elwood "Chuck" Yeager (1923–2020, Brigadier General USAAF, 357th Fighter Group Mustang "Ace in a Day" Who Evaded Capture Across the Pyrenees to Rejoin Combat), Jaroslav Zafouk (1914–1945, Flight Lieutenant Czechoslovak Air Force/RAF, Escaped Prague with Roger Bushell in 1941), Hubert "Hub" Zemke (1914–1994, Colonel USAAF, Commander of the 56th Fighter Group "Zemke's Wolfpack" and Senior Allied Officer at Stalag Luft I).