Heroines, Nurses, and Spies of Rebellion and War (1775–1918) — Searchable Digital Biographical Dictionary & Genealogical Index (PDF)

Uncover the forgotten lives, maiden and married surnames, and frontline service of 505 remarkable women across the American Revolution, the Civil War, the Spanish-American War, and the First World War in this searchable 151-page digital research edition.

Heroines, Nurses, and Spies of Rebellion and War (1775–1918): A Biographical and Genealogical Dictionary of Women in Wartime synthesizes thirteen rare eighteenth-, nineteenth-, and early twentieth-century biographical compendiums and personal memoirs into a single, master-indexed PDF volume. Because official military muster rolls rarely recorded female service unless a woman enlisted in male disguise, the genealogical traces of patriotic colonial matrons, frontier stockade defenders, Civil War battlefield nurses, Sanitary Commission organizers, clandestine intelligence couriers, and World War I hospital surgeons survive chiefly in scattered archival narratives. This edition resolves variant maiden and married surnames, cross-references 19th-century typographical errors against pension and gravestone records, and indexes every connected family surname, parish, town, fort, hospital steamer, and military unit.

What's Inside This Searchable Digital Research Edition:

• 505 Audited Biographical Profiles (Entries BIO-0001 to BIO-0505): Organized alphabetically from A to Z using the 3-Tier Documentary System (156 Tier 3 Rich Narrative Entries, 134 Tier 2 Standard Service Sketches, and 215 Tier 1 Archival Record Stubs).
• 151 Calibrated, Print-Ready Pages: Complete with an extended four-part Historical Introduction & Archival Context Essay, an institutional overview table, and a full 13-volume primary bibliography.
• Four Eras of Wartime Service Synthesized from 13 Primary Volumes:
  • American Revolutionary War & Colonial Frontier (1775–1783): Extracted from Elizabeth F. Ellet's The Women of the American Revolution (Vols. I & II), Herman Mann & John Adams Vinton's The Female Review: Life of Deborah Sampson, and Phebe A. Hanaford's Daughters of America.
  • American Civil War Nurses, Relief Leaders & Operatives (1861–1865): Extracted from L. P. Brockett & Mary C. Vaughan's Woman's Work in the Civil War, Frank Moore's Women of the War, Mary A. Gardner Holland's Our Army Nurses, Louisa May Alcott's Hospital Sketches, Sarah Emma Edmonds's Nurse and Spy in the Union Army, Belle Boyd's Belle Boyd in Camp and Prison, and Loreta Janeta Velazquez's The Woman in Battle.
  • Spanish-American War & Red Cross Relief (1881–1898): Extracted from Clara Barton's The Red Cross in Peace and War (Siboney, Santiago de Cuba, Sea Islands, and Armenian expeditions).
  • First World War British, Scottish & Allied Hospital Units (1914–1918): Extracted from Barbara McLaren's Women of the War (Scottish Women's Hospitals in France, Serbia, and Russia, Endell Street Military Hospital, V.A.D., W.A.A.C., and Royal Arsenal Woolwich).
• Three Exhaustive Back-of-Book Indexes:
  • Index I — Primary, Maiden, Variant & Allied Surnames: Cross-referencing 1,262 surnames (including husbands, fathers, brothers, and commanding officers).
  • Index II — Parishes, Towns, Forts, Battlefields & Hospitals: Mapping 871 geographical locations across North America, the Caribbean, Britain, France, Belgium, and the Balkans.
  • Index III — Regiments, Hospital Ships & Relief Organizations: Indexing 732 military units, naval transports, and sanitary associations.

Complete Alphabetical Index of Primary Surnames & Subjects Featured Inside:

Abbey (Nancy Maria Young), Abernethy (Mrs. Charles), Ackland (Lady Christian Henrietta Caroline Fox), Adair (Mary Moore), Adams (Abigail Smith; Miss H. A. Adams Collins), Aiken (Eliza N. Atherton, "Aunt Lizzie"), Alcott (Louisa May, "Nurse Tribulation Periwinkle"), Alden (Priscilla Mullins), Alexander (Sarah Livingston, Countess of Stirling; Lady Catharine Alexander Duer), Allen (Frances Montresor Buchanan; Mary Sophia Allen), Alston (Rebecca Motte), Anderson (Dr. Louisa Garrett, C.B.E.), Anstruther (Hon. Mrs. Eva Hanbury-Tracy), Archer (Mrs. George B.), Arnold (Hannah; Margaret "Peggy" Shippen), Asgill (Lady Sarah Theresa Chamier), Ashe (Elizabeth Montfort), Ashwell (Lena Pocock, Lady Simson), Babcock (Miss; Susan M. Getchell), Bache (Sarah Franklin), Baden-Powell (Olave, Lady), Bailey (Anna Warner, "Mother Bailey"; Ann Hennis Trotter, "Mad Anne Bailey"), Baker (Delphine P.; Martha A. Denton), Balch (Lauraetta C. Whitcomb), Ballantyne (Mrs.), Barker (Dame Lilian Charlotte, C.B.E.; Louisa Whiting, Mrs. Stephen Barker), Barlow (Arabella Wharton Griffith; Rebecca Sanford), Barron (Lucy Fenman), Barry (Susan E. Hall), Barton (Clarissa "Clara" Harlowe), Bather (Miss E. G.), Beatrice (H.R.H. Princess), Beckham (Elizabeth Henderson), Beekman (Cornelia Van Cortlandt), Bela (Sarah A.), Bell (Mary Elizabeth Timberlake), Bennett (Dr. Agnes; Sarah Boone), Bergen (Rebecca T.), Bevier (Widow Elizabeth Hoffman; Magdalen), Bickerdyke (Mary Ann Ball, "Mother Bickerdyke"), Biddle (Rebecca Cornell), Bidlack (Hannah Gore), Bigelow (Roxana M., "Aunty Bigelow"), Billing (Mrs.; Rosanna "Rose" Moore Billing), Binney (Mary Woodrow), Bird (Grace E.), Blackmar (Dr. Mary E. Bruson), Blenkinsop (Mother Euphemia), Bleecker (Ann Eliza Schuyler), Boone (Rebecca Bryan; Jemima), Booth (Mrs.), Borden (Elizabeth Rogers), Borthwick (Agnes), Boston (Mary J. Butler), Bowen (Mary), Boyd (Jane; Maria Isabella "Belle" Boyd; Mary Rebecca Glenn), Boyer (Margaret), Boynton (Helen Mason; Susan/Sarah Brownlow), Bradford (Charlotte; Rev. Mary Ann Stinebaugh), Bradley (Amy Morris), Brady (Mary Ann Sharp), Bratton (Martha Robertson), Brayton (Mary Clark), Breckinridge (Margaret Elizabeth), Brevard (Jean McWhorter), Brewton (Mary Warrington), Briggs (Mary M. Daskam), Brown (Alice; Eunice Malvina Fairbanks), Brownell (Kady Southwell), Brunot (Madame),Bruyn (Blandina Elmendorf), Bryan's Station Matrons, Buck (Henrietta E. Wolff), Bucklin (Sophronia E.), Bull (Sarah), Buncher (Mary Jane Adams), Burghardt (Dr. Caroline Asenath Grant), Burke (Kathleen, C.B.E.), Burke County Heroine, Bush (Caroline E.), Butler (Behethland Foote Moore), Caldwell (Mrs. Alexander; Hannah Ogden; Rachel Craighead; Mrs. Stephen), Calmady-Hamlyn (Sylvia), Campbell (Jane Cannon; Valeria), Canfield (Sarah A. Martha), Cannon (Eleanor McKinney), Carden (Mrs. M. G.), Carver (Anna Hertzog Folwell), Case (Cynthia Bright), Chambers (Jane), Channing (Lucy Ellery), Chase (Nelly M. Ernest), Chipman (Mrs. H. L.), Church (Angelica Schuyler), Clapp (Anna L.), Clark (Sarah K.), Clarke (Amy; Sarah & Susannah of Princeton), Clay (Elizabeth Hudson Watkins), Clyde (Ann Wasson), Coddington (Arabella Letitia Graham), Colby (Mrs.), Colfax (Harriet R. Stevens), Collins (Ellen), Colt (Henrietta L.), Cone (Emily M.), Conyngham (Anne Barry), Cook (Betsey A.), Cope (Mrs. Elizabeth), Corbin (Margaret Cochrane, "Captain Molly"), Cotterell (Mabel), Cowdin (Lena Potter), Cox (Susan M. Bomberger), Cranch (Mary Smith), Crowdy (Dame Rachel), Cruger (Anne De Lancey), Curtis (Julia B.), Cushman (Major Pauline / Harriet Wood), D'Orémieulx (Laura Wolcott Gibbs), Dada (Dr. Harriet Atwood Emens), Dame (Harriet Patience), Dana (Emily Wheelock; Hannah Whiton), Darling (Mary E.), Darrah (Lydia Barrington), Daviess (Ann McDowell), Davis (Clara Abbott; Susan Pomeroy), Dawson (Commandant Margaret Damer), De Lancey (Phila Franks; Charlotte, Lady Dundas), Dearmer (Mabel Percy), Delafield (Mrs.), Dillard (Mary Ramage), Dissosway (Mrs. Israel), Divers (Bridget, "Michigan Bridget"), Dix (Dorothea Lynde), Downs (Lovisa Betsy Rawson), Draper (Kate; Mary Aldis Allen), Drummond (Stella), Dudley (Elizabeth J.), Dunbar (Jane E.; Lois Hammi Dennett), Duncan (Kate M. Thompson), Dupee (Mary E.), Duree (Mrs.), Durham (Margaret), Duston (Hannah Emerson), Duvall (Bettie), Eaton (Harriet Hope Agnes Bacon), Edmonds (Sarah Emma Evelyn / Pvt. Franklin Thompson), Edson (Sarah P.), Edwards (Rebecca), Ellet (Elizabeth Fries Lummis), Elliott (Anna Ferguson; Melcenia Arnold; Sabina Codner; Susannah Smith), Ellis (Miss Christobel; Dr. Mary A.; Elizabeth E. Evans), Etheridge (Lorinda Anna Blair, "Gentle Annie"), Fales (Almira L. Newcomb), Faugeres (Margaretta V. Bleecker), Fay (Adelia Ann Bartlett), Felch (Amanda Matilda Colburn), Fellows (Mrs.), Fenn (Mrs. Dr. Curtis T.), Ferguson (Elizabeth Graeme; Isabella Barber), Fitzhugh (Anne Frisby Rousby), Fogg (Isabella Morrison), Follett (Mrs.),Fowle (Elida Barker Rumsey), Fowler (Annie M.), Frank (Female Soldier at Antietam), Franklin (Deborah Morris; Deborah Read), Franks (Rebecca, Lady Johnson), French (Emma A. Sackett), Frietchie (Barbara Hauer), Frush (Mary Alice Smith), Furse (Dame Katharine Symonds), Gage (Frances Dana Barker, "Aunt Fanny"), Garden (Mary Anna Gibbes), Gardner (Mrs. Enola Lee), Gaskell (Helen Mary Melville), Gaston (Esther Waugh; Jane Knox; Margaret Sharpe), Gates (Mary Vallance/Phillips), Geiger (Emily), George (Elizabeth Hamilton, "Mother George"), Gibbes (Mary Anna; Sarah Reeve), Gibbons (Abigail "Abby" Hopper; Sarah Hopper Emerson), Gibson (Dr. Elizabeth O. Austin; Mrs. E. H.), Gillespie (Eliza Maria / Mother Mary of St. Angela), Gilson (Helen Louise Osgood), Godsall (Margaret), Gooden-Chisholm (Mairi Lambert), Goodridge (Ellen Hendrick), Gosford (Countess of), Grace (Sister Mary Gonzaga), Grant (Anne MacVicar), Graydon (Rachel Marks), Grayson (Carolyn), Greble (Susan Virginia Major), Green (Martha McGehee; Nancy), Greene (Catharine "Kate" Littlefield Miller; Catharine Ray),Greenhow (Rose O'Neal), Greg (Madge), Grier (Maria C.), Griffin (Christine Kean; Josephine R.), Griswold (Ursula Wolcott), Gross (Nancy M. Verplast), Hagar (Sarah J.), Hall (Maria Martha Condict; Susan E. Barry; Susannah Mathews), Hall-Brown (Dr. Lucy), Hallowell (Mrs. M. M.), Hamilton (Elizabeth "Betsey" Schuyler; Lady Mary Cecilia Rhodesia; Margaret Mahoney), Hancock (Cornelia; Dorothy Quincy Scott; Lydia Henchman), Harkin (Margaret V. O'Hagen), Harlan (Ann Eliza Peck), Harley (Katherine Mary French), Harmon (Amelia), Harper (Fannie A.), Harris (Ellen Matilda Orbison, Mrs. John Harris; Waitie F.), Hart (Nancy Morgan; Sukey), Harvey (Cordelia Adelaide Perrine; Mrs. of Detroit), Haverfield (Hon. Mrs. Evelina), Hawley (Harriet Ward Foote), Hayes (Margaret Meseroll), Haynes (Hannah), Hays (Mary Ludwig, "Molly Pitcher"), Hazen (Fannie Hallycarnie Titus), Heyward (Elizabeth Savage), Hill (Dr. Nancy Maria), Hitz (Ann Jegen), Hoadley (Mary Burnet Perry),Hoge (Jane Currie Blaikie), Hoisington (Lauretta H. Cutler), Holden (Edith), Holland (Mary Ann Gardner), Holmes (Rebecca), Holstein (Anna Morris Ellis), Home (Jessie), Hook (Frances, "Pvt. Frank Miller"), Hopton (Sarah), Hosmer (Octavia E.), Howe (Abbie J.), Howland (Eliza Newton Woolsey; Mary Elizabeth Woolsey), Hoyt (Clarissa B. Prindle), Hughes (Margaret), Huger (Sabina Elliott), Hull (Sarah Fuller), Hunt (Elizabeth Pickard), Hurd (Lavina Benedict), Husband (Mary Morris), Hutchison (Dr. Alice), Hyatt (Elizabeth Ann Burns), Inglis (Dr. Elsie Maud), Israel (Hannah Erwin), Ivens (Dr. Frances), Ives (Lucy Gallup), Izard (Alice De Lancey; Elizabeth Stead), Jackson (Elizabeth Hutchinson; Mrs.; Nancy), Jameson (Mollie), Jay (Sarah Livingston), Jekyll (Dame Agnes, Lady), Jennings (Janet E.), Jennison (Martha E. Fales), Johnson (Estelle Serena Read), Johnston (Mary; Sarah Reeves), Jolly (Sarah Palmer), Jones (Eliza Perkins Sparhawk; Mrs. Graham; Esther "Hetty" A.; Mary & Sarah Montfort), Kaiser (Lucy L. Whipple), Kamp (Louisa C.), Kennan (Emeline Rathbone Weld), Knight (Mary), Knowles (Mary F.), Knox (Lucy Flucker), La Fayette (Marchioness de), La Luzerne (Countess de), Lane (Caroline E. Lamson), Langston (Dicey Springfield), Lawley (Hon. Lady), Leach (Dame Florence Edith Victoria Simpson), Ledyard (Fanny & Mary Austin), Lee (Mary W. & Amanda; Nancy), Lennington (Abigail & Katy), Lesser (Sister Bettina Hofker), Lewis (Betty Washington), Livermore (Mary Ashton Rice), Livingston (Catharine Garrettson; Catharine "Kitty" Ridley; Susan; Susannah French), Londonderry (Edith, Marchioness of), Long (Mary), Loomis (Mary A. Bair), Lowell (Anna Cabot Jackson & Miss Anna Cabot Lowell), Lowry (Ellen J.), Lucas (Elizabeth Trull), Lugard (Flora Shaw, Lady), Lummis (Sarah Maxwell), Lusk (Letitia Thomas), Lyne (Evelyn), Lyttelton (Dame Edith Balfour), MacClenny Red Cross Nurses, Macaulay (Catharine Sawbridge), MacDonald (Flora; Mrs.), Mackey (Margaret), Maertz (Louisa), Mann (Maria R.), Marsh (Eliza; Susan Ellen), Marshall (Sarah Lynn), Martin (Elizabeth Marshall; Grace Waring; Rachel Clay), Mason (Elvira Meekins), Matheson (Cecily Elizabeth), Mathews (Dorothy), Maxwell (Jane), May (Abigail "Abby" Williams), Mayhew (Ruth Swett), McCalla (Sarah Wayne Gardner), McCaul (Ethel), McClure (Mary Gaston), McCorristen (Sister Blanche), McCrea (Jane), McCue (Sister Annie), McCullough (Sarah), McEwen (Hetty Montgomery Kennedy), McFadden (Rachel W.), McIlroy (Dr. Louise), McJunkin (Ann Thomas; Jane), McKay (Charlotte Elizabeth Johnson), Mecklenburg & Rowan Daughters, Mendenhall (Elizabeth S. Maule), Merrill (Mrs. John, "The Long Knife Squaw"), Miner (Irene L. Littlefield), Mitchell (Ellen E.), Moir (Hannah Drew Thomas), Mole (Marion), Moncrieffe (Margaret Coghlan), Montgomery (Janet Livingston; Martha), Mooney (Hannah Gaunt), Moore (Clara Sophia Jessup; Jane Boswell Bristor; Jane C.; Mary E.; Milcah Martha Hill), Morrill (Janette Maxwell), Morris (Ann Elliott; Margaret Hill; Mary Philipse; Matilda Eve), Morrow (Jane), Motte (Rebecca Brewton), Munsell (Jane R.), Murdock (Miss), Murray (Dr. Flora; Mary Lindley), Mussey (Dean Ellen Spencer), Myers (Martha Bennett), Newcomb (Mary Ann Brown, "Mother Newcomb"), Newhall (Susan S.), Nichols (Elizabeth Boerum), Nixon (Mary Adair), Noel (Mrs. & Beulah Murray), O'Connell (Sister Anthony), Olm (Sister Isabelle), Otterson (Ruth Gordon), Paget (Dame Louise Margaret Leila Wemyss, Lady Paget), Painter (Hetty K.), Palmer (Hannah L.; Mary E.), Parsons (Emily Elizabeth), Parrish (Lydia Gaskill), Peabody (Elizabeth Smith Shaw), Pemberton (Mary), Perkins (Mary Elizabeth Chamberlain), Perry (Adeliza), Peters (Phillis Wheatley), Pettes (Mary Dwight), Phelps (Mary Whitney), Phillis of Philadelphia, Pickens (Rebecca Calhoun), Pilgard (Catherine D. Dillon), Pilgrim Mothers, Pinckney (Eliza Lucas; Elizabeth & Frances Motte), Platte Valley Nurses, Playfair (Lilias & Audrey), Plummer (Eliza G.), Pocahontas (Matoaka), Pomeroy (Lucy Gaylord), Pomroy (Rebecca Ross Holliday), Pond (Mrs. Col.), Porter (Eliza Emily Chappell), Potter (Mrs. James), Powel (Elizabeth Willing), Prescott (Susannah Hickling Amory), Pringle (Margaret "Mary" Breckel), Q.A.I.M.N.S. & T.F.N.S. Sisters, Rahab of the Forest, Ransom (Eleanor C., "Mother Ransom"), Ravenscroft (Dorothy), Read (Deborah Franklin), Redmond (Mary), Reed (Esther De Berdt), Reid (Elisabeth Mills; Pamelia), Reifsnyder (Hattie S.), Reynolds (Major Arabella "Belle" Loomis Macomber), Richards (Selena J. Bray), Richardson (Dorcas Nelson; Rita Stevenson), Ricketts (Fanny L. Lawrence), Riedesel (Baroness Frederica von Massow de), Rogal (Sister Minnie), Rolfe (Ethel), Romeyn (Mrs. Theodore), Ropes (Hannah Anderson Chandler), Ross (Anna Maria), Rouse (Rebecca Cromwell), Russell (Elizabeth Augusta; Elizabeth J.; Lilian), Safford (Dr. Mary Jane Blake), Salomon (Elise), Sampson (Deborah Bradford / Pvt. Robert Shurtleff), Saratoga Camp Wife, Schram (Ann Maria B. Bullock), Schuyler (Catharine Van Rensselaer; Louisa Lee; Margaretta), Scott (Dorothy Quincy Hancock; Harriet M.), Seymour (Mrs. Horatio), Sharpless (Harriet "Hattie" Reifsnyder), Shattuck (Sarah Hartwell), Shaw (Gertrude), Sheads (Carrie), Shelton (Mary E. Huston; Rhoda Amanda), Sheppard (Hannah C. Bowman), Shubrick (Susannah Bulline), Simonds (Emma L. Hosmer), Simpson (Martha), Sinnotte (Ruth Helena Kellogg), Slocum (Frances & Ruth Tripp), Slocumb (Mary Hooks), Small (Jerusha R.), Smith (Elizabeth Quincy; Fanny; Helen Elizabeth Wheeler), Spalidng (Margery McIntosh), Spencer (Elmina Pheiades Keeler, "Mother Spencer"), Sprague (Sarah Jane Milliken), Springer (Mrs. C. R.), Sprot (Harriet), Spurgeon (Adelaide E. Thompson), Starbird (Hannah Elizabeth Judkins), Starr (Lucy E.), Stearns (Sarah Burger), Steel (Katharine Fisher), Steele (Elizabeth Maxwell Gillespie), Stevens (Melvina), Stevenson (Hannah Elizabeth), Stewart (Alice; Mary Johnston), Stobart (Mabel Annie St. Clair), Stockton (Annis Boudinot), Stoney (Edith Anne & Dr. Florence Ada), Stranahan (Marianne Fitch), Streeter (Elizabeth M.), Strong (Leticia), Sturges (Mary A., "Mother Sturges"), Swarts (Dr. Vesta Mindwell Ward), T'Serclaes (Baroness Elsie de Knocker), Taylor (Alice; Nancy "Nellie" Maria Dewey), Terry (Ellen F.), Thomas (Mrs. E.; Jane Black), Thompson (Mrs. Elizabeth), Thurstan (Anna Violetta), Tinkham (Mrs. Smith), Titcomb (Louisa), Titlow (Effie), Todd (Sarah Crispin), Tompkins (Cornelia M. Stanley; Julia S.), Turchin (Madame Nadine Antonovna Lvova), Tyler (Adaline Blanchard, "Sister Tyler"), Usher (Rebecca R.), Van Alstine (Nancy Quackenbush), Van Lew (Elizabeth, "Crazy Bet"), Vance (Mary), Vanhorne (Mrs. & Five Daughters), Velazquez (Madame Loreta Janeta / 1st Lt. Harry T. Buford, C.S.A.), Venard (Mary), Von Homrigh (Beatrice), Wade (Letitia Martin; Mary B.; Mary Virginia "Jennie"),Walker (Adeline Maria; Esther Gaston), Ward (Elizabeth S.), Warren (Mercy Otis), Washington (Jane Riley Elliott; Martha Dandridge Custis; Mary Ball), Watson (Mary J.), Weed (Margaret A. Edgar), Wells (Jane; Mrs. Shepard), Weston (Modena R. Chadwick), Wheeler (Annie Early, "The Angel of Santiago"; Elizabeth Messinger), Whetten (Harriet Douglas; Margaret Todd), White (Cecilia Street; Jane), Whitley (Esther Fuller), Wilkinson (Eliza Yonge), Willets (Georgiana Stradling), Wilson (Eleanor; Martha Stewart), Winser (Ursula), Winthrop (Hannah Fayerweather Tolman), Wiswall (Hattie), Wiswell (Rebecca), Witherell (Elizabeth C.), Wittenmyer (Sarah "Annie" Turner), Woodley (Emily E.), Woodward (Miss F. C.), Woolsey (Abby Howland; Eliza Newton Howland; Georgeanna Muirson Bacon; Jane Eliza Newton; Jane Stuart; Mary Elizabeth Howland; Sarah Chauncey / "Susan Coolidge"), Wormeley (Katherine Prescott), Worrall (Jane M. Hardy), Wright (Prudence Cumings; Rebecca M. Bonsal), Wylie (Isabella), Young (Miss M. A. B.), Zane (Elizabeth "Betty" McColloch).